The article investigates the wear process of sprockets of chain drives of beet harvesters, in particular the mechanism for digging and cleaning beets. It was found that the main cause of intensive wear of sprockets is the influence of abrasive particles contained in the soil and plant residues. This leads to a change in the geometry of the sprocket teeth, disruption of interaction with the chain and, accordingly, a decrease in the operational resource of the transmission. Based on experimental studies, an analysis of the statistical characteristics of the wear process was carried out, the average wear rate, the range of oscillations and the coefficient of variation were determined. To describe the wear patterns, the Weibull-Gnedenko distribution was used, which allows predicting the durability of sprockets depending on the operating conditions. In particular, it was found that the average service life of sprockets before reaching the limit of wear is about 1200–1500 engine hours, however, a significant coefficient of variation indicates uneven wear in different operating conditions. The influence of materials and processing methods on the wear resistance of sprockets is considered. It was determined that the use of structural steels with hardened teeth significantly reduces the level of wear, and the use of special hardening technologies, such as vibration rolling, laser or plasma hardening, allows you to reduce the average wear rate by 40–60%. Measures to reduce the impact of abrasive particles are also proposed, in particular, improving the lubrication system and using protective covers to minimize dust and soil from entering the working area of the chain transmission. The results of the research confirm that a comprehensive approach to increasing the wear resistance of chain transmission sprockets allows you to significantly improve their operational characteristics. The use of developed resource prediction methods, optimization of materials and the introduction of the latest hardening technologies can increase the service life of sprockets by 3–4 times, which directly affects the reliability and durability of agricultural machinery.

wear, abrasive particles, machine life, chain drives, sprockets

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