DOI: https://doi.org/10.32515/2664-262X.2025.11(42).1.37-45
Analyzing the Evolution of Object-Oriented Paradigm in Java Language Patterns for Multiplatform Environments
About the Authors
Ihor Kotov, Professor, Doctor in Technics (Doctor of Technic Sciences), Kryvyi Rih National University, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, e-mail: rioexito@knu.edu.ua, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2445-6259
Dmitriy Shvets, Associate Professor, PhD in Technics (Candidate of Technics Sciences), Kryvyi Rih National University, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, e-mail: dmіtrіy.shvets@knu.edu.ua, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5126-6405
Nadia Karabut, Senior Lecturer, Kryvyi Rih National University, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, e-mail: karabut@knu.edu.ua, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2327-4595
Abstract
Research focused on the evolution of the object-oriented paradigm in the context of Java language pattern development for cross-platform environments. It centralizes on analyzing the evolution of the object-oriented paradigm in the context of developing Java language patterns for cross-platform environments. Emphasis is placed on how changes in architectural approaches, driven by cross-platform requirements, have influenced the transformation of the object-oriented paradigm — from classical principles of encapsulation and polymorphism to modern hybrid solutions. The work aims to identify the connection between the adaptation of Java tools and the increasing relevance of patterns that ensure code compatibility across various platforms.
The paper traces the evolutionary path of the object-oriented paradigm in Java, starting from the WORA era, where the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) served as the primary mechanism for platform abstraction, to modern approaches combining native compilation with flexible architectural patterns. Examples such as JavaFX and Spring Boot demonstrate how the encapsulation of platform-dependent details and polymorphism have evolved into tools for creating universal interfaces that adapt to mobile, desktop, and cloud environments.
The role of design patterns in cross-platform development is examined in detail. Patterns are considered dynamic mechanisms that evolved alongside Java itself. Particular attention is paid to challenges such as increasing architectural complexity when integrating with native APIs or the performance limitations of the JVM compared to compiled solutions. It is shown how modularity helps overcome these limitations while preserving the advantages of the object-oriented paradigm.
An analysis of the evolution of the object-oriented paradigm in Java confirms that its principles — encapsulation of platform-dependent logic and polymorphism for a unified interface — remain the foundation for creating flexible cross-platform systems. The JVM is gradually supplemented with tools providing access to cloud environments, IoT, and native optimization. Design patterns evolve from classical templates into adaptive mechanisms that balance universality and platform specificity. Modern challenges, particularly the trade-off between JVM performance and native solutions and integration with highly specialized APIs, demand a more profound synthesis of object-oriented paradigms with new approaches. The development of hybrid paradigms and frameworks shapes the future of Java, where architectural flexibility allows for overcoming technological constraints while maintaining the language's relevance in a fragmented digital ecosystem.
Keywords
abstraction, adaptation, interface, infrastructure, class, multiplatform, paradigm, pattern, application, framework
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References
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Citations
1. What Gives Java its Write Once Run Anywhere Nature? Itvedant.com. URL: https://www.itvedant.com/blog/java-write-once-run-anywhere (date of access: 10.02.2025).
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3. David J. Eck. Introduction to Programming Using Java, Version 9, Swing Edition Series. New York : Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 2022.
4. Pinto C. M., Coutinho C. From Native to Cross-platform Hybrid Development. 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS), м. Funchal - Madeira, Portugal, 25–27 верес. 2018 р. 2018. DOI: 10.1109/is.2018.8710545.
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10. Nagy R. Simplifying Application Development with Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile: Write robust native applications for iOS and Android efficiently. Birmingham : Packt Publishing, 2022. 184 с.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ihor Kotov, Dmitriy Shvets, Nadia Karabut
Analyzing the Evolution of Object-Oriented Paradigm in Java Language Patterns for Multiplatform Environments
About the Authors
Ihor Kotov, Professor, Doctor in Technics (Doctor of Technic Sciences), Kryvyi Rih National University, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, e-mail: rioexito@knu.edu.ua, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2445-6259
Dmitriy Shvets, Associate Professor, PhD in Technics (Candidate of Technics Sciences), Kryvyi Rih National University, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, e-mail: dmіtrіy.shvets@knu.edu.ua, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5126-6405
Nadia Karabut, Senior Lecturer, Kryvyi Rih National University, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, e-mail: karabut@knu.edu.ua, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2327-4595
Abstract
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
1. Itvedant.com. (n.d.). What Gives Java its Write Once Run Anywhere Nature? Retrieved February 10, 2025, from https://www.itvedant.com/blog/java-write-once-run-anywhere
2. Chin, S., Vos, J., & Weaver, J. (2024). The Definitive Guide to Modern Java Clients with JavaFX. Berkeley, CA: Apress. doi:10.1007/979-8-8688-0998-9
3. Eck, D. J. (2022). Introduction to Programming Using Java, Version 9, Swing Edition Series. New York: Hobart and William Smith Colleges.
4. Pinto, C. M., & Coutinho, C. (2018). From Native to Cross-platform Hybrid Development. In 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS). IEEE. doi:10.1109/is.2018.8710545
5. Jangassiyev, R., Umarova, Z., Ussenova, A., Makhanova, Z., Zhumatayev, N., Amirov, M., & Koishibekova, G. (2024). Comparative analysis of cross-platform development methodologies: a comprehensive study. TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), 23(1), 108. doi:10.12928/telkomnika.v23i1.26331.
6. Hiwale, P. R. (2022). Review On Cross-Platform Mobile Application Development. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 10(1), 1433–1439. doi:10.22214/ijraset.2022.40004.
7. You, D., & Hu, M. (2021). A Comparative Study of Cross-platform Mobile Application Development. In 12th Annual Conference of Computing and Information Technology Research and Education.
8. Punia, A., Singh, A., Goyal, A., & Arya, A. (2024). Evaluating Kotlin Multiplatform: Superior cross-platform development. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.4836587
9. Sonoyama, A., Kamiyama, T., Oguchi, M., & Yamaguchi, S. (2021). Performance Study of Kotlin and Java Program Considering Bytecode Instructions and JVM JIT Compiler. In 2021 Ninth International Symposium on Computing and Networking Workshops (CANDARW). IEEE. doi:10.1109/candarw53999.2021.00028
10. Nagy, R. (2022). Simplifying Application Development with Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile: Write robust native applications for iOS and Android efficiently. Birmingham: Packt Publishing.
11. Oracle. (n.d.). Java NIO. Retrieved February 12, 2025, from docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/22/core/java-nio.html
12. Spring Boot. (n.d.). Retrieved February 12, 2025, from https://spring.io/projects/spring-boot
13. Java Dependency Injection. (n.d.). DigitalOcean. Retrieved February 14, 2025, from www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/java-dependency-injection-design-pattern-example-tutorial
14. GraalVM. (n.d.). Retrieved February 14, 2025, from https://www.graalvm.org/
15. Apache Commons. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2025, from https://commons.apache.org/
16. Google. (n.d.). Guava. GitHub. Retrieved February 15, 2025, from https://github.com/google/guava
17. Joshi, R. (2015). Java Design Patterns. Exelixis Media.
18. libGDX. (n.d.). Retrieved February 16, 2025, from https://libgdx.com/.
Citations
1. What Gives Java its Write Once Run Anywhere Nature? Itvedant.com. URL: https://www.itvedant.com/blog/java-write-once-run-anywhere (date of access: 10.02.2025).
2. Chin S., Vos J., Weaver J. The Definitive Guide to Modern Java Clients with JavaFX. Berkeley, CA : Apress, 2024. 626 c. DOI: 10.1007/979-8-8688-0998-9.
3. David J. Eck. Introduction to Programming Using Java, Version 9, Swing Edition Series. New York : Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 2022.
4. Pinto C. M., Coutinho C. From Native to Cross-platform Hybrid Development. 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS), м. Funchal - Madeira, Portugal, 25–27 верес. 2018 р. 2018. DOI: 10.1109/is.2018.8710545.
5. Comparative analysis of cross-platform development methodologies: a comprehensive study / R. Jangassiyev та ін. TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control). 2024. Т. 23, № 1. С. 108. DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i1.26331.
6. Hiwale P. R. Review On Cross-Platform Mobile Application Development. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology. 2022. Т. 10, № 1. С. 1433–1439. DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2022.40004.
7. You D., Hu M. A Comparative Study of Cross-platform Mobile Application Development. 12th Annual Conference of Computing and Information Technology Research and Education, New Zealand. 2021.
8. Evaluating Kotlin Multiplatform: Superior cross-platform development / A. Punia та ін. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2024. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4836587.
9. Performance Study of Kotlin and Java Program Considering Bytecode Instructions and JVM JIT Compiler / A. Sonoyama та ін. 2021 Ninth International Symposium on Computing and Networking Workshops (CANDARW), м. Matsue, Japan, 23–26 листоп. 2021 р. 2021. DOI: 10.1109/candarw53999.2021.00028.
10. Nagy R. Simplifying Application Development with Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile: Write robust native applications for iOS and Android efficiently. Birmingham : Packt Publishing, 2022. 184 с.
11. Java NIO. Oracle.com. URL: https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/22/core/java-nio.html (дата звернення: 12.02.2025).
12. Spring Boot. Spring.io. URL: https://spring.io/projects/spring-boot (дата звернення: 12.02.2025).
13. Java Dependency Injection. Digitalocean.com. URL: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/java-dependency-injection-design-pattern-example-tutorial (дата звернення: 14.02.2025).
14. GraalVM. Graalvm.org. URL: https://www.graalvm.org/ (дата звернення: 14.02.2025).
15. Apache Commons. Commons.apache.org. URL: commons.apache.org (дата звернення: 15.02.2025).
16. Google Guava. Github.com. URL: https://github.com/google/guava (дата звернення: 15.02.2025).
17. Joshi R. Java Design Patterns. Kesariani : Exelixis Media, 2015. 173 с.
18. libGDX. Libgdx.com. URL: https://libgdx.com/ (дата звернення: 16.02.2025).