The article investigates the influence of modifying impurities such as niobium carbides (NbC), zirconium oxides (ZrO2), graphite and others on the microstructure, mechanical, corrosion and tribological properties of the deposited layers obtained by the electroslag method. The main objective of the study is to improve the performance of the working bodies of agricultural implements, such as ploughshares and cultivator tines, by applying special deposited layers. The paper discusses the influence of different types of modifying additives on microstructural changes and properties of the deposited layers, and evaluates the effectiveness of using such layers for the restoration of agricultural parts. The use of niobium carbides and zirconium oxides can significantly increase the hardness and wear resistance of the deposited layers due to the formation of a stable microstructure with hard inclusions, which provides increased resistance to abrasive wear. Graphite, in turn, reduces the coefficient of friction, which reduces energy costs during operation and improves the efficiency of the restored parts. The article also presents the results of metallographic studies, microhardness measurements, corrosion and tribological tests, which confirm the effectiveness of using modifying additives to improve the properties of the deposited layers. In addition to the experimental studies, a mathematical model was developed to predict the wear of the deposited layers. The model takes into account such parameters as microstructure, mechanical properties and operating conditions, which allows us to predict wear resistance and optimise the composition of deposited materials to ensure maximum service life of parts. The modelling results show high prediction accuracy, which is confirmed by experimental data. The article also presents the results of field tests, which showed that the use of modified welded layers on ploughshares and cultivator tines can increase their service life by 25-30% compared to unmodified (factory) samples. This leads to a reduction in maintenance costs and an increase in the economic efficiency of agricultural production. An economic analysis has been carried out, which shows a reduction in the cost of maintenance and repair of equipment due to the use of linings with improved properties. Thus, the results of the study show that the application of the electroslag surfacing method with the use of modifying additives is a promising approach to restore agricultural working bodies, increase their wear resistance and reduce operating costs. The proposed materials and methods can be used to increase the efficiency of maintenance and reduce the cost of replacing parts in the agricultural sector.

surfacing, microstructure, microhardness, electroslag method, flux-cored wires, modifying additives, ploughshares, cultivator tines, wear resistance, mathematical model, economic efficiency, tribological properties

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