To substantiate the parameters of the top-dressing module during its design and development stage, it is advisable to conduct a theoretical analysis of possible variants for performing the technological operation of removing plant components from root crops. This will allow for the determination of technological parameters for the operation of the top-dressing module, including optimal movement speeds, angles of installation, and positioning of flat knives, ensuring maximum cleaning efficiency with minimal product loss. Based on the analysis of research into the technological process of additional cleaning of top residues from root crop heads, it has been established that there is a need for more advanced mathematical models of the interaction between the cutting organ and the root crops. These models should incorporate the analysis of kinematic and structural parameters of the top-dressing machine's working organs. Implementing such models will allow for more accurate forecasting of the performance of various designs and settings of working organs, leading to improved cleaning quality of root crops, reduced product losses, and lower maintenance costs. A calculation scheme has been developed to determine the structural parameters of a beet top trimmer with an active flat knife. Analytical dependencies have been provided to coordinate the movement time of the active knife in both horizontal and vertical planes. An algorithm has been proposed to determine the required length of the active knife for the top-dressing trimmer, which ensures that the technological operation of removing top residues is performed in accordance with agronomic requirements. The paper describes an approach to mathematical modeling of soil behavior in the process of puncture as a flow of a rigid-plastic medium. The movement of the medium is considered in Euler coordinates. The working body is modeled by a completely solid cone. The main assumptions are stated and substantiated. Pressure was considered instead of average stress. The density of the deforming medium was assumed to be constant.Under pressure was understood excess pressure, i.e. pressure caused by the action of the effort of the working body during a puncture.It was believed that soil resistance is determined mainly by the resistance of a relatively narrow layer adjacent to the working body.Instead of Cartesian coordinates, spherical coordinates were used in this case.As a result, all the dependencies characterizing the rigid-plastic flow are analytically deduced ‒ the fields of velocities, deformation velocities and stresses.

top trimmer, active knife, root crops, top-dressing module

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