The purpose of the study is to substantiate the individual structural and technological parameters of the potato planting machine, which is used in the technology of growing potatoes and is intended for work in small farms in a unit with low-power energy sources. The work proposes a new structural and technological scheme of the potato planting machine. The peculiarity of this construction is that it provides for strip milling along the axis of the formed row, and the formed soil shavings sprinkle potato seeds, which are placed on the formed and compacted planting place. First two pairs of wrappers form a small ridge with fresh soil and a final large ridge with soil from between the rows. During the execution of the study, the choice of the kinematic mode of operation of the milling drums in relation to the thickness of the ground shavings cut by the knives was substantiated, and the choice of the type of wrappers was made. On the basis of the proposed construction of the potato planting machine, certain effects are observed in the comb method of planting potatoes. A high-quality seed place is formed due to a milled (loosened) strip of soil, along which the coulter moves with minimal resistance and with its lower part, which compacts the bottom, forms an additional small groove in which the seeds are placed. Due to this, the compacted bottom allows moisture to be drawn up from the lower layers of the soil, and its shape – an additional small groove prevents deviation of the tubers from the axis of the row. The next effect is strip milling, which consumes 2 times less energy compared to a separate milling operation during pre-sowing tillage. In addition, the potato seeds are covered with fresh and optimally lumpy soil from the milled strip. It was established that for the milling drum of the potato planter with a diameter of 0.5 m, the optimal rotation frequency is about 265 rpm, the forward speed of the unit is 3.3 km/h (0.92 m/s), and then the maximum chip thickness will be 15 mm. The formation of the comb during seed production involves two stages – the formation of first small and then the final large combs, where passive wedge wrappers are reasonably used.

potato, soil preparation, strip milling, kinematic mode, seed, wrapper, ridge, forward speed, lumpiness, hiller

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