DOI: https://doi.org/10.32515/2664-262X.2023.7(38).2.113-122

Simulation of Transient Processes of a Synchronous Generator in the Case of a Turn Short Circuit of the Stator Winding

Nataliia Harasova, Andrii Kotysh, Valentyn Soldatenko, Vasyl Zinzura

About the Authors

Nataliia Harasova, Associate Professor, PhD in Technics (Candidate of Technics Sciences), Central Ukraіnian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3609-4681

Andrii Kotysh, Associate Professor, PhD in Technics (Candidate of Technics Sciences), Central Ukraіnian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, e-mail: akotysh@gmail.com, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4938-5234

Valentyn Soldatenko, Associate Professor, PhD in Technics (Candidate of Technics Sciences), Central Ukraіnian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, e-mail: kirovograd41@gmail.com, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7781-9343

Vasyl Zinzura, Associate Professor, PhD in Technics (Candidate of Technics Sciences), Central Ukraіnian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, e-mail: vasiliyzinzura@gmail.com, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6357-064X

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematical model of a synchronous generator to study its modes of operation in the case of asymmetric damage to the phases of the stator winding, namely twisting, the use of which will make it possible to improve relay protection systems against twisting of the stator winding of a synchronous generator. Transverse differential protection is used to protect synchronous generators from winding circuits. However, such protection can be used only on generators with parallel branches in the phase of the stator winding. In the work, a mathematical model of a synchronous generator was developed, which allows to study the transient processes of the generator in case of the appearance of turn short circuits in the stator winding. This mathematical model is based on differential equations written for the stator phase axes a, b and c. An algorithm for calculating transient processes in a synchronous generator is proposed. In turn-to-turn circuits of the stator winding, which is based on the fourth-order Runge-Kutt numerical integration method. With the help of the developed mathematical model, the values of currents and voltages of the generator were calculated in the case of short-circuits of the stator winding for the TVB-200-2 turbogenerator. The results of mathematical modeling of the transient processes taking place in the TVB-200-2 generator when closing a different number of turns of the stator phase showed that the reduction of the fundamental harmonic voltage at the terminals of the generator in the damaged phase when closing 10 %, 40 %, and 60 % of the winding turns is, respectively, 21 %, 77 % and 89 %. At the same time, there is an increase in the amplitude of the first harmonic of the current of the damaged phase by 3.7 to 7.8 times. The obtained research results make it possible to improve relay protection systems for synchronous generators, namely protection against turn-to-turn circuits in stator windings without parallel branches.

Keywords

synchronous generator, turn-to-turn short-circuit, math modeling

Full Text:

PDF

References

1. Sasic, M., Stone, G. C., Stein, J., & Stinson, C. (2013). Detecting turn shorts in rotor windings: A new test using magnetic flux monitoring. IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, 19(2), 63-69. doi:10.1109/MIAS.2012.2215644 [in English].

2. Irhoumah, M., Pusca, R., Lefevre, E., Mercier, D., Romary, R., & Demian, C. (2018). Information fusion with belief functions for detection of interturn short-circuit faults in electrical machines using external flux sensors. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(3), 2642-2652. doi:10.1109/TIE.2017.2745408 [in English].

3. Irhoumah, M., Pusca, R., Lefèvre, E., Mercier, D., & Romary, R. (2021). Stray flux multi-sensor for stator fault detection in synchronous machines. Electronics (Switzerland), 10(18) doi:10.3390/electronics10182313 [in English].

4. Pusca, R., Romary, R., Touti, E., Livinti, P., Nuca, I., & Ceban, A. (2021). Procedure for detection of stator inter-turn short circuit in ac machines measuring the external magnetic field. Energies, 14(4), doi:10.3390/en14041132 [in English].

5. Ehya, H., Nysveen, A., & Nilssen, R. (2020). Pattern recognition of inter-turn short circuit fault in wound field synchronous generator via stray flux monitoring. Paper presented at the Proceedings - 2020 : International Conference on Electrical Machines, ICEM 2020, 2631-2636. doi:10.1109/ICEM49940.2020.9270986 [in English].

6. Irhoumah, M., Pusca, R., Lefevre, E., Mercier, D., & Romary, R. (2019). Detection of the stator winding inter-turn faults in asynchronous and synchronous machines through the correlation between harmonics of the voltage of two magnetic flux sensors. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(3), 2682-2689. doi:10.1109/TIA.2019.2899560 [in English].

7. Elez, A., Car, S., & Tvorić, S. (2013). Air gap magnetic field - key parameter for synchronous and asynchronous machine fault detection. International Review of Electrical Engineering, 8(3), 981-988.

8. Afrandideh, S., Milasi, M. E., Haghjoo, F., & Cruz, S. M. A. (2020). Turn to turn fault detection, discrimination, and faulty region identification in the stator and rotor windings of synchronous machines based on the rotational magnetic field distortion. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 35(1), 292-301. doi:10.1109/TEC.2019.2951528 [in English].

9. Ibrahim, R. K., & Watson, S. (2016). Stator winding fault diagnosis in synchronous generators for wind turbine applications. Paper presented at the IET Conference Publications, 2016 (CP694) doi:10.1049/cp.2016.0550 Retrieved from www.scopus.com [in English].

10. Melkebeek, Jan A. (2018). Electrical Machines and Drives Fundamental s and Advanced Modelling. Springer, 734 p. Retrieved from: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-72730-1 [in English].

Citations

  1. Sasic M., Stone G. C., Stein J., & Stinson C. Detecting turn shorts in rotor windings: A new test using magnetic flux monitoring. IEEE Industry Applications Magazine. 2013. 19(2). Рр. 63-69. doi:10.1109/MIAS.2012.2215644
  2. Irhoumah, M., Pusca, R., Lefevre, E., Mercier, D., Romary, R., & Demian, C. Information fusion with belief functions for detection of interturn short-circuit faults in electrical machines using external flux sensors. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2018. 65(3). 2642-2652. doi:10.1109/TIE.2017.2745408
  3. Irhoumah, M., Pusca, R., Lefèvre, E., Mercier, D., & Romary, R. Stray flux multi-sensor for stator fault detection in synchronous machines. Electronics (Switzerland). 2021. 10(18) doi:10.3390/electronics10182313
  4. Pusca, R., Romary, R., Touti, E., Livinti, P., Nuca, I., & Ceban, A. Procedure for detection of stator inter-turn short circuit in ac machines measuring the external magnetic field. Energies. 2021. 14(4). doi:10.3390/en14041132
  5. Ehya, H., Nysveen, A., & Nilssen, R. Pattern recognition of inter-turn short circuit fault in wound field synchronous generator via stray flux monitoring. Paper presented at the Proceedings - 2020: International Conference on Electrical Machines, ICEM 2020. 2631-2636. doi:10.1109/ICEM49940.2020.9270986
  6. Irhoumah, M., Pusca, R., Lefevre, E., Mercier, D., & Romary, R. Detection of the stator winding inter-turn faults in asynchronous and synchronous machines through the correlation between harmonics of the voltage of two magnetic flux sensors. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2019. 55(3). 2682-2689. doi:10.1109/TIA.2019.2899560
  7. Elez, A., Car, S., & Tvorić, S. Air gap magnetic field - key parameter for synchronous and asynchronous machine fault detection. International Review of Electrical Engineering. 2013. 8(3). 981-988.
  8. Afrandideh, S., Milasi, M. E., Haghjoo, F., & Cruz, S. M. A. Turn to turn fault detection, discrimination, and faulty region identification in the stator and rotor windings of synchronous machines based on the rotational magnetic field distortion. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 2020. 35(1). 292-301. doi:10.1109/TEC.2019.2951528
  9. Ibrahim, R. K., & Watson, S. Stator winding fault diagnosis in synchronous generators for wind turbine applications. Paper presented at the IET Conference Publications, 2016 (CP694) doi:10.1049/cp.2016.0550.
  10. Melkebeek Jan A. Electrical Machines and Drives Fundamental s and Advanced Modelling [Electronic resource] / Jan A. Melkebeek. Springer, 2018. 734 p. URL: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/ 978-3-319-72730-1
Copyright (c) 2023 Nataliia Harasova, Andrii Kotysh, Valentyn Soldatenko, Vasyl Zinzura