DOI: https://doi.org/10.32515/2664-262X.2019.1(32).11-16

Wheat Grain Damage by Grain Cleaning Machines and the Ways of its Reducing

Iryna Pysarkova

About the Authors

Iryna Pysarkova, design engineer, Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine

Abstract

The experience of using intensive full-system technologies for livestock production shows that, along with reliable and balanced provision of farms with high quality feeds, traditional feeding systems are being improved, which are aimed at the development of economically efficient mechanized feed processing technologies and the preparation of full-range and balanced feed mixtures. In the article, an analysis of literary research and scientific publications on the dosage of feed by rotary biota. This process showed that the transporter-bitumen dosing working element of the type-type has significant drawbacks, which are due to the imperfection of its construction, the negative effects of centrifugal forces and the circular efforts of the fingers of the comb, the unevenness of the conveyor supply, the density and the surface of the loaded bark in the bunker, the lagging or slipping of the feed relative to conveyor, by reducing the transverse area of the monolith when unloading feed from the bunker. Disadvantages of bitumen dispensers can be eliminated if the rotary motion of the comb edges in the feed monolith is replaced by the translational motion of the vertical chain separating conveyor. When using such a dispenser, the quality of the dosage increases, the energy intensity of the process decreases, and the unwanted negative forces of inertia and the circular effort of the fingers of the bitumen dispenser are completely excluded. In the article the analysis of literary researches and scientific publications is conducted on the dosage of forages and the new construction of vertical conveyer bunker separating metering device which is equipped chain and combs with fingers is offered. Structural parameters, functionally-technological chart on the basis of bunker-metering device of BDK-F-70-20, modes of workings organs, step of setting of combs, are grounded in theory, length of fingers of comb and the features of unloading of forages a metering device are resulted on a transversal horizontal conveyer-metering device (second stage of dosage) The theoretical studies of the feed dosing process have confirmed the advantage of the developed design of the improved vertical chain-flat conveyor feeder of the comb type and improved the quality of the separation of the feed monolith by the working bodies of the conveyor.

Keywords

feed rationer, beater, transporter, chaser, fingers , feed mixtures, tanker, chain

Full Text:

PDF

References

1.Gimadiev, A.М. (2010). Travmirovanie semjan [Grains Damage]. agroinform.ru. Retrieved from http://www.agroinform.ru/2010/06/travm.htm [in Russian].

2. Hrabar, I.H., Derev'ianko, D.A., Heruk, S.M. (2010). Vplyv chynnykiv pisliazbyral'noi obrobky zerna na iakist' nasinnievoho materialu [Influence of the factors post-harvest grain processing on seed quality]. National Interagency Scientific and Technical Collection of Works. Design, Production and Exploitation of Agricultural Machines, Vol.. 40, 1, 3–5 [in Ukrainian].

3. Derev'ianko D.A. (2011). Polipshennia tekhnolohii pisliazbyral'noho doroblennia zerna [Improvement of grain harvesting technology. Machines and technology of agro-industrial complex]. Machines and technology of AIC, 1, 34–35 [in Ukrainian].

4. Derevyanko, D.A., Tarasenko, O.P., Orobinskiy, V.I. (2012). Vplyv travmuvannia na iakist' nasinnia zernovykh kul'tur [Influence of Damage on the Quality of Seeds of Grain Crops ]. Zhytomyr: Nilan LTD [in Ukrainian].

5. Derev'ianko D.A., Tarasenko, O. P., Orobins'kij, V. I., Syniavs'ka, A. I. (2013). Vplyv sortuval'nykh reshit na travmuvannia ta iakist' nasinnia ozymoi pshenytsi [Influence of sorting screens on damaging and quality of winter wheat seeds]. Machines and technology of AIC, 10, 27–29 [in Ukrainian].

6. Kyrpa, M.Ya., Bazileva, Yu.S. (2008). Vplyv riznykh typiv travmuvannia na iakist' nasinnia hibrydiv kukurudzy [Effect of Different types of Damage on the Quality of Maize Hybrid Seeds]. Scientiifc Works of PF "KATU" NAU, Issue 107, 68-71. [in Ukrainian].

7. Kuznetsov, V.V., Manoylina, S.Z. (2007). Sovershenstvovanie metodiki ocenki mikropovrezhdenija zernovok [Improvement of Methodology of Grain Micro-Damage Assessment]. Bulletin of Voronezh State Agrarian University, 14, 121-135 [in Russian].

8. Tarasenko A.P. [et al]. (2008). Vlijanie sovremennyh zernoochistitel'nyh mashin i oborudovanija na kachestvo semjan i vybor naibolee perspektivnyh dlja razrabotki ili rekonstrukcii semjaochistitel'nyh linij [Influence of modern grain cleaning machines and equipment on the quality of seeds and the choice of the most promising for the development or reconstruction of seed processing lines], Voronezh [in Russian].

9. Tarasenko, A.P., Merchalova, M.Je., Mironenko, D. N. (2006). Sovershenstvovanie sredstv mehanizacii posleuborochnoj obrabotki semjan [Improving the means of mechanization of post-harvest seed processing]. Traktory i sel'skohozjajstvennye mashiny – Tractors and agricultural machinery, 1, 50–52 [in Russian].

10. Tarasenko A.P. (2003). Snizhenie travmirovanija semjan pri uborke i posleuborochnoj obrabotke [Reducing seed damage during harvesting and post-harvest processing]. Voronezh : FGOU VPO VTAU` [in Russian].

11. Universal heap cleaner OVU-25: Technical description and operation manual. en.orehovselmash.com. Retrieved from https://en.orehovselmash.com/userfiles/files/Instructions/OVU_25.pdf

GOST Style Citations

  1. Гимадиев А.М. Травмирование семян. URL: http://www.agroinform.ru/2010/06/travm.htm
  2. Грабар І.Г., Дерев’янко Д.А., Герук С.М. Вплив чинників післязбиральної обробки зерна на якість насіннєвого матеріалу. Конструювання, виробництво та експлуатація сільськогосподарських машин: загальнодержав. міжвід. наук.–техн. зб. 2010. Вип. 40, ч. 1, С. 3–5.
  3. Дерев’янко Д.А. Поліпшення технології післязбирального дороблення зерна. Техніка і технології АПК. 2011, № 1, С. 34–35.
  4. Дерев'янко Д.А., Тарасенко О.П., Оробінський В.І. Вплив травмування на якість насіння зернових культур: монографія . Житомир: Нілан–ЛТД, 2012. 440 с.
  5. Дерев’янко Д.А. Тарасенко О.П., Оробінській В.І., Синявська А.І. Вплив сортувальних решіт на травмування та якість насіння озимої пшениці . Техніка і технології АПК. 2013. № 10. С. 27–29.
  6. Кирпа М.Я., Базілєва Ю.С. Вплив різних типів травмування на якість насіння гібридів кукурудзи: наук. пр. ПФ «КАТУ» НАУ. – Сімферополь, 2008. Вип. 107. С. 68–71.
  7. Кузнецов В.В., Манойлина С.З. Совершенствование методики оценки микроповреждения зерновок . Вестник ВГАУ. 2007. №14. С. 121–135.
  8. Влияние современных зерноочистительных машин и оборудования на качество семян и выбор наиболее перспективных для разработки или реконструкции семяочистительных линий / А.П. Тарасенко [и др.]. Воронеж, 2008. 16 с.
  9. Тарасенко А.П. Мерчалова М.Э., Мироненко Д.Н. Совершенствование средств механизации послеуборочной обработки семян . Тракторы и сельскохозяйственные машины. 2006. № 1. С. 50–52.
  10. Тарасенко А.П. Снижение травмирования семян при уборке и послеуборочной обработке . Воронеж : ФГОУ ВПО ВТАУ, 2003. 331 с.
  11. Очиститель вороха универсальный ОВУ – 25: Техн. опис. и инстр. по экспл. URL: https://ua.orehovselmash.com/userfiles/files/Instructions/OVU_25.pdf (дата обращения: 19.02.2019).
Copyright (c) 2019 Iryna Pysarkova